In this paper, programming languages are presented through their evolution, starting from the earliest forms - machine language, through assembler, all the way to modern compiled, interpreted and hybrid languages. Machine language, based on binary codes, was the first way to communicate with a computer, but its complexity quickly led to the development of assemblers using symbolic commands. Later advances led to the development of compiled languages, such as C, which are translated into machine code, allowing for more efficient program execution. Interpreted languages, such as Python, directly execute code without the need for compilation, allowing greater flexibility, but at the expense of speed. Hybrid languages, such as Java, combine the advantages of compiled and interpreted languages, using virtual machines to execute code. A comparison of these languages points to differences in speed, flexibility and usability, where compiled languages offer better performance, while interpreted and hybrid languages offer easier programming and portability.