| Abstract | U ovom radu predstavljeni su programski jezici kroz njihovu evoluciju, počevši od najranijih oblika - strojnog jezika, preko asemblera, pa sve do modernih kompiliranih, interpretiranih i hibridnih jezika. Strojni jezik, temeljen na binarnim kodovima, bio je prvi način komunikacije s računalom, ali zbog njegove složenosti brzo su se razvili asembleri koji koriste simboličke naredbe. Kasniji napredak doveo je do razvoja kompiliranih jezika, poput C-a, koji se prevode u strojni kod, čime se omogućava učinkovitije izvršavanje programa. Interpretirani jezici, poput Pythona, izravno izvršavaju kod bez potrebe za kompilacijom, što omogućuje veću fleksibilnost, ali uz žrtvovanje brzine. Hibridni jezici, poput Jave, kombiniraju prednosti kompiliranih i interpretiranih jezika. Usporedba ovih jezika ukazuje na razlike u brzini, fleksibilnosti i upotrebljivosti, gdje kompilirani jezici nude bolje performanse, dok interpretirani i hibridni pružaju lakše programiranje i prenosivost. |
| Abstract (english) | In this paper, programming languages are presented through their evolution, starting from the earliest forms - machine language, through assembler, all the way to modern compiled, interpreted and hybrid languages. Machine language, based on binary codes, was the first way to communicate with a computer, but its complexity quickly led to the development of assemblers using symbolic commands. Later advances led to the development of compiled languages, such as C, which are translated into machine code, allowing for more efficient program execution. Interpreted languages, such as Python, directly execute code without the need for compilation, allowing greater flexibility, but at the expense of speed. Hybrid languages, such as Java, combine the advantages of compiled and interpreted languages, using virtual machines to execute code. A comparison of these languages points to differences in speed, flexibility and usability, where compiled languages offer better performance, while interpreted and hybrid languages offer easier programming and portability. |
