Sexual discrimination refers to discrimination based on the fact that a person is a woman or a man. It is the most developed aspect of the EU's social policy and has long been considered a fundamental right. The development of the area's protection had a double benefit: first, it served for economic purposes by helping to eliminate the increasingly distorting market competition in the market, and at the political level, it enabled the Union to make social progress and improve living and working conditions. For this reason, the protection of gender-based discrimination has become, and still is, the fundamental function of the European Union. Accepting the social and economic importance of ensuring equality is further confirmed by the central place in the Charter of Fundamental Rights. Also, the protection of gender-based discrimination is well-developed in the European Convention on Fundamental Human Rights and Freedoms.